import re from ast import literal_eval from functools import lru_cache from types import BuiltinFunctionType from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, TypeAlias import sqlparse from pypika.queries import QueryBuilder, Table from pypika.terms import Term import frappe from frappe import _ from frappe.database.operator_map import NESTED_SET_OPERATORS, OPERATOR_MAP from frappe.database.schema import SPECIAL_CHAR_PATTERN from frappe.database.utils import DefaultOrderBy, FilterValue, convert_to_value, get_doctype_name from frappe.model import get_permitted_fields from frappe.query_builder import Criterion, Field, Order, functions from frappe.query_builder.functions import Function, SqlFunctions from frappe.query_builder.utils import PseudoColumnMapper from frappe.utils.data import MARIADB_SPECIFIC_COMMENT if TYPE_CHECKING: from frappe.query_builder import DocType TAB_PATTERN = re.compile("^tab") WORDS_PATTERN = re.compile(r"\w+") BRACKETS_PATTERN = re.compile(r"\(.*?\)|$") SQL_FUNCTIONS = tuple(f"{sql_function.value}(" for sql_function in SqlFunctions) # ) <- ignore this comment. COMMA_PATTERN = re.compile(r",\s*(?![^()]*\))") # less restrictive version of frappe.core.doctype.doctype.doctype.START_WITH_LETTERS_PATTERN # to allow table names like __Auth TABLE_NAME_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[\w -]*$", flags=re.ASCII) class Engine: def get_query( self, table: str | Table, fields: str | list | tuple | None = None, filters: dict[str, FilterValue] | FilterValue | list[list | FilterValue] | None = None, order_by: str | None = None, group_by: str | None = None, limit: int | None = None, offset: int | None = None, distinct: bool = False, for_update: bool = False, update: bool = False, into: bool = False, delete: bool = False, *, validate_filters: bool = False, skip_locked: bool = False, wait: bool = True, ignore_permissions: bool = True, user: str | None = None, parent_doctype: str | None = None, ) -> QueryBuilder: qb = frappe.local.qb db_type = frappe.local.db.db_type self.is_mariadb = db_type == "mariadb" self.is_postgres = db_type == "postgres" self.is_sqlite = db_type == "sqlite" self.validate_filters = validate_filters self.user = user or frappe.session.user self.parent_doctype = parent_doctype if isinstance(table, Table): self.table = table self.doctype = get_doctype_name(table.get_sql()) else: self.doctype = table self.validate_doctype() self.table = qb.DocType(table) if update: self.query = qb.update(self.table, immutable=False) elif into: self.query = qb.into(self.table, immutable=False) elif delete: self.query = qb.from_(self.table, immutable=False).delete() else: self.query = qb.from_(self.table, immutable=False) self.fields = self.parse_fields(fields) if not ignore_permissions: self.fields = self.apply_field_permissions() self.apply_fields(self.fields) self.apply_filters(filters) self.apply_order_by(order_by) if limit: self.query = self.query.limit(limit) if offset: self.query = self.query.offset(offset) if distinct: self.query = self.query.distinct() if for_update: self.query = self.query.for_update(skip_locked=skip_locked, nowait=not wait) if group_by: self.query = self.query.groupby(group_by) if not ignore_permissions: self.check_read_permission() self.add_permission_conditions() self.query.immutable = True return self.query def validate_doctype(self): if not TABLE_NAME_PATTERN.match(self.doctype): frappe.throw(_("Invalid DocType: {0}").format(self.doctype)) def apply_fields(self, fields): if not self.fields: self.fields = [self.table.name] self.query._child_queries = [] for field in self.fields: if isinstance(field, DynamicTableField): self.query = field.apply_select(self.query) elif isinstance(field, ChildQuery): self.query._child_queries.append(field) else: self.query = self.query.select(field) def apply_filters( self, filters: dict[str, FilterValue] | FilterValue | list[list | FilterValue] | None = None, ): if filters is None: return if isinstance(filters, FilterValue): filters = {"name": convert_to_value(filters)} if isinstance(filters, Criterion): self.query = self.query.where(filters) elif isinstance(filters, dict): self.apply_dict_filters(filters) elif isinstance(filters, list | tuple): if all(isinstance(d, FilterValue) for d in filters) and len(filters) > 0: self.apply_dict_filters({"name": ("in", tuple(convert_to_value(f) for f in filters))}) else: for filter in filters: if isinstance(filter, FilterValue | Criterion | dict): self.apply_filters(filter) elif isinstance(filter, list | tuple): self.apply_list_filters(filter) else: raise ValueError(f"Unknown filter type: {type(filters)}") else: raise ValueError(f"Unknown filter type: {type(filters)}") def apply_list_filters(self, filter: list): if len(filter) == 2: field, value = filter self._apply_filter(field, value) elif len(filter) == 3: field, operator, value = filter self._apply_filter(field, value, operator) elif len(filter) == 4: doctype, field, operator, value = filter self._apply_filter(field, value, operator, doctype) else: raise ValueError(f"Unknown filter format: {filter}") def apply_dict_filters(self, filters: dict[str, FilterValue | list]): for field, value in filters.items(): operator = "=" if isinstance(value, list | tuple): operator, value = value self._apply_filter(field, value, operator) def _apply_filter( self, field: str, value: FilterValue | list | set | None, operator: str = "=", doctype: str | None = None, ): _field = field _value = value _operator = operator if not isinstance(_field, str): pass elif not self.validate_filters and (dynamic_field := DynamicTableField.parse(field, self.doctype)): # apply implicit join if link field's field is referenced self.query = dynamic_field.apply_join(self.query) _field = dynamic_field.field elif self.validate_filters and SPECIAL_CHAR_PATTERN.search(_field): frappe.throw(_("Invalid filter: {0}").format(_field), frappe.PermissionError) elif not doctype or doctype == self.doctype: _field = self.table[field] elif doctype: _field = frappe.qb.DocType(doctype)[field] # apply implicit join if child table is referenced if doctype and doctype != self.doctype: meta = frappe.get_meta(doctype) table = frappe.qb.DocType(doctype) if meta.istable and not self.query.is_joined(table): self.query = self.query.left_join(table).on( (table.parent == self.table.name) & (table.parenttype == self.doctype) ) _value = convert_to_value(_value) if not _value and isinstance(_value, list | tuple | set): _value = ("",) # Nested set if _operator in NESTED_SET_OPERATORS: hierarchy = _operator docname = _value _df = frappe.get_meta(self.doctype).get_field(field) ref_doctype = _df.options if _df else self.doctype nodes = get_nested_set_hierarchy_result(ref_doctype, docname, hierarchy) operator_fn = ( OPERATOR_MAP["not in"] if hierarchy in ("not ancestors of", "not descendants of") else OPERATOR_MAP["in"] ) if nodes: self.query = self.query.where(operator_fn(_field, nodes)) else: self.query = self.query.where(operator_fn(_field, ("",))) return operator_fn = OPERATOR_MAP[_operator.casefold()] if _value is None and isinstance(_field, Field): self.query = self.query.where(_field.isnull()) else: self.query = self.query.where(operator_fn(_field, _value)) def get_function_object(self, field: str) -> "Function": """Return PyPika Function object. Expect field to look like 'SUM(*)' or 'name' or something similar.""" func = field.split("(", maxsplit=1)[0].capitalize() args_start, args_end = len(func) + 1, field.index(")") args = field[args_start:args_end].split(",") _, alias = field.split(" as ") if " as " in field else (None, None) to_cast = "*" not in args _args = [] for arg in args: initial_fields = literal_eval_(arg.strip()) if to_cast: has_primitive_operator = False for _operator in OPERATOR_MAP.keys(): if _operator in initial_fields: operator_mapping = OPERATOR_MAP[_operator] # Only perform this if operator is of primitive type. if isinstance(operator_mapping, BuiltinFunctionType): has_primitive_operator = True field = operator_mapping( *map( lambda field: Field(field.strip()) if "`" not in field else PseudoColumnMapper(field.strip()), arg.split(_operator), ), ) field = ( ( Field(initial_fields) if "`" not in initial_fields else PseudoColumnMapper(initial_fields) ) if not has_primitive_operator else field ) else: field = initial_fields _args.append(field) if alias and "`" in alias: alias = alias.replace("`", "") try: if func.casefold() == "now": return getattr(functions, func)() return getattr(functions, func)(*_args, alias=alias or None) except AttributeError: # Fall back for functions not present in `SqlFunctions`` return Function(func, *_args, alias=alias or None) def sanitize_fields(self, fields: str | list | tuple): if isinstance(fields, list | tuple): return [ _sanitize_field(field, self.is_mariadb) if isinstance(field, str) else field for field in fields ] elif isinstance(fields, str): return _sanitize_field(fields, self.is_mariadb) return fields def parse_string_field(self, field: str): if field == "*": return self.table.star alias = None if " as " in field: field, alias = field.split(" as ") if "`" in field: if alias: return PseudoColumnMapper(f"{field} {alias}") return PseudoColumnMapper(field) if alias: return self.table[field].as_(alias) return self.table[field] def parse_fields(self, fields: str | list | tuple | None) -> list: if not fields: return [] fields = self.sanitize_fields(fields) if not isinstance(fields, list | tuple): fields = [fields] def parse_field(field: str): if has_function(field): return self.get_function_object(field) elif parsed := DynamicTableField.parse(field, self.doctype): return parsed else: return self.parse_string_field(field) _fields = [] for field in fields: if isinstance(field, Criterion): _fields.append(field) elif isinstance(field, dict): for child_field, fields in field.items(): _fields.append(ChildQuery(child_field, fields, self.doctype)) elif isinstance(field, str): if "," in field: field = field.casefold() if "`" not in field else field field_list = COMMA_PATTERN.split(field) for field in field_list: if _field := field.strip(): _fields.append(parse_field(_field)) else: _fields.append(parse_field(field)) return _fields def apply_order_by(self, order_by: str | None): if not order_by or order_by == DefaultOrderBy: return for declaration in order_by.split(","): if _order_by := declaration.strip(): parts = _order_by.split(" ") order_field = parts[0] order_direction = Order.asc if (len(parts) > 1 and parts[1].lower() == "asc") else Order.desc self.query = self.query.orderby(order_field, order=order_direction) def check_read_permission(self): """Check if user has read permission on the doctype""" def has_permission(ptype): return frappe.has_permission( self.doctype, ptype, user=self.user, parent_doctype=self.parent_doctype, ) if not has_permission("select") and not has_permission("read"): frappe.throw( _("Insufficient Permission for {0}").format(frappe.bold(self.doctype)), frappe.PermissionError ) def apply_field_permissions(self): """Allow fields that user has permission to read""" permitted_fields = get_permitted_fields( doctype=self.doctype, parenttype=self.parent_doctype, permission_type=self.get_permission_type(self.doctype), ignore_virtual=True, ) allowed_fields = [] for field in self.fields: if isinstance(field, ChildTableField): permitted_child_fields = get_permitted_fields( doctype=field.doctype, parenttype=field.parent_doctype, permission_type=self.get_permission_type(field.doctype), ignore_virtual=True, ) if field.child_fieldname in permitted_child_fields: allowed_fields.append(field) elif isinstance(field, LinkTableField): if field.link_fieldname in permitted_fields: allowed_fields.append(field) elif isinstance(field, ChildQuery): permitted_child_fields = get_permitted_fields( doctype=field.doctype, parenttype=field.parent_doctype, permission_type=self.get_permission_type(field.doctype), ignore_virtual=True, ) field.fields = [f for f in field.fields if f in permitted_child_fields] allowed_fields.append(field) elif isinstance(field, Field): if field.name == "*": allowed_fields.extend(self.parse_fields(permitted_fields)) elif field.name in permitted_fields: allowed_fields.append(field) return allowed_fields def get_user_permission_conditions(self, role_permissions): """Build conditions for user permissions and return tuple of (conditions, fetch_shared_docs)""" conditions = [] fetch_shared_docs = False # add user permission only if role has read perm if not (role_permissions.get("read") or role_permissions.get("select")): return conditions, fetch_shared_docs user_permissions = frappe.permissions.get_user_permissions(self.user) if not user_permissions: return conditions, fetch_shared_docs fetch_shared_docs = True doctype_link_fields = self.get_doctype_link_fields() for df in doctype_link_fields: if df.get("ignore_user_permissions"): continue user_permission_values = user_permissions.get(df.get("options"), {}) if user_permission_values: docs = [] for permission in user_permission_values: if not permission.get("applicable_for"): docs.append(permission.get("doc")) # append docs based on user permission applicable on reference doctype # this is useful when getting list of docs from a link field # in this case parent doctype of the link # will be the reference doctype elif df.get("fieldname") == "name" and self.reference_doctype: if permission.get("applicable_for") == self.reference_doctype: docs.append(permission.get("doc")) elif permission.get("applicable_for") == self.doctype: docs.append(permission.get("doc")) if docs: field_name = df.get("fieldname") strict_user_permissions = frappe.get_system_settings("apply_strict_user_permissions") if strict_user_permissions: conditions.append(self.table[field_name].isin(docs)) else: empty_value_condition = self.table[field_name].isnull() value_condition = self.table[field_name].isin(docs) conditions.append(empty_value_condition | value_condition) return conditions, fetch_shared_docs def get_doctype_link_fields(self): meta = frappe.get_meta(self.doctype) # append current doctype with fieldname as 'name' as first link field doctype_link_fields = [{"options": self.doctype, "fieldname": "name"}] # append other link fields doctype_link_fields.extend(meta.get_link_fields()) return doctype_link_fields def add_permission_conditions(self): conditions = [] role_permissions = frappe.permissions.get_role_permissions(self.doctype, user=self.user) fetch_shared_docs = False if self.requires_owner_constraint(role_permissions): fetch_shared_docs = True conditions.append(self.table.owner == self.user) # skip user perm check if owner constraint is required elif role_permissions.get("read") or role_permissions.get("select"): user_perm_conditions, fetch_shared = self.get_user_permission_conditions(role_permissions) conditions.extend(user_perm_conditions) fetch_shared_docs = fetch_shared_docs or fetch_shared permission_query_conditions = self.get_permission_query_conditions() if permission_query_conditions: conditions.extend(permission_query_conditions) shared_docs = [] if fetch_shared_docs: shared_docs = frappe.share.get_shared(self.doctype, self.user) if shared_docs: shared_condition = self.table.name.isin(shared_docs) if conditions: # (permission conditions) OR (shared condition) self.query = self.query.where(Criterion.all(conditions) | shared_condition) else: self.query = self.query.where(shared_condition) elif conditions: # AND all permission conditions self.query = self.query.where(Criterion.all(conditions)) def get_permission_query_conditions(self): """Add permission query conditions from hooks and server scripts""" from frappe.core.doctype.server_script.server_script_utils import get_server_script_map conditions = [] hooks = frappe.get_hooks("permission_query_conditions", {}) condition_methods = hooks.get(self.doctype, []) + hooks.get("*", []) for method in condition_methods: if c := frappe.call(frappe.get_attr(method), self.user, doctype=self.doctype): conditions.append(RawCriterion(c)) # Get conditions from server scripts if permission_script_name := get_server_script_map().get("permission_query", {}).get(self.doctype): script = frappe.get_doc("Server Script", permission_script_name) if condition := script.get_permission_query_conditions(self.user): conditions.append(RawCriterion(condition)) return conditions def get_permission_type(self, doctype) -> str: """Get permission type (select/read) based on user permissions""" if frappe.only_has_select_perm(doctype, user=self.user): return "select" return "read" def requires_owner_constraint(self, role_permissions): """Return True if "select" or "read" isn't available without being creator.""" if not role_permissions.get("has_if_owner_enabled"): return if_owner_perms = role_permissions.get("if_owner") if not if_owner_perms: return # has select or read without if owner, no need for constraint for perm_type in ("select", "read"): if role_permissions.get(perm_type) and perm_type not in if_owner_perms: return # not checking if either select or read if present in if_owner_perms # because either of those is required to perform a query return True class Permission: @classmethod def check_permissions(cls, query, **kwargs): if not isinstance(query, str): query = query.get_sql() doctype = cls.get_tables_from_query(query) if isinstance(doctype, str): doctype = [doctype] for dt in doctype: dt = TAB_PATTERN.sub("", dt) if not frappe.has_permission( dt, "select", user=kwargs.get("user"), parent_doctype=kwargs.get("parent_doctype"), ) and not frappe.has_permission( dt, "read", user=kwargs.get("user"), parent_doctype=kwargs.get("parent_doctype"), ): frappe.throw( _("Insufficient Permission for {0}").format(frappe.bold(dt)), frappe.PermissionError ) @staticmethod def get_tables_from_query(query: str): return [table for table in WORDS_PATTERN.findall(query) if table.startswith("tab")] class DynamicTableField: def __init__( self, doctype: str, fieldname: str, parent_doctype: str, alias: str | None = None, ) -> None: self.doctype = doctype self.fieldname = fieldname self.alias = alias self.parent_doctype = parent_doctype def __str__(self) -> str: table_name = f"`tab{self.doctype}`" fieldname = f"`{self.fieldname}`" if frappe.db.db_type == "postgres": table_name = table_name.replace("`", '"') fieldname = fieldname.replace("`", '"') alias = f"AS {self.alias}" if self.alias else "" return f"{table_name}.{fieldname} {alias}".strip() @staticmethod def parse(field: str, doctype: str): if "." in field: alias = None if " as " in field: field, alias = field.split(" as ") if field.startswith("`tab") or field.startswith('"tab'): _, child_doctype, child_field = re.search(r'([`"])tab(.+?)\1.\1(.+)\1', field).groups() if child_doctype == doctype: return return ChildTableField(child_doctype, child_field, doctype, alias=alias) else: linked_fieldname, fieldname = field.split(".") linked_field = frappe.get_meta(doctype).get_field(linked_fieldname) linked_doctype = linked_field.options if linked_field.fieldtype == "Link": return LinkTableField(linked_doctype, fieldname, doctype, linked_fieldname, alias=alias) elif linked_field.fieldtype in frappe.model.table_fields: return ChildTableField(linked_doctype, fieldname, doctype, linked_fieldname, alias=alias) def apply_select(self, query: QueryBuilder) -> QueryBuilder: raise NotImplementedError class ChildTableField(DynamicTableField): def __init__( self, doctype: str, fieldname: str, parent_doctype: str, parent_fieldname: str | None = None, alias: str | None = None, ) -> None: self.doctype = doctype self.fieldname = fieldname self.alias = alias self.parent_doctype = parent_doctype self.parent_fieldname = parent_fieldname self.table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) self.field = self.table[self.fieldname] def apply_select(self, query: QueryBuilder) -> QueryBuilder: table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) query = self.apply_join(query) return query.select(getattr(table, self.fieldname).as_(self.alias or None)) def apply_join(self, query: QueryBuilder) -> QueryBuilder: table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) main_table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.parent_doctype) if not query.is_joined(table): query = query.left_join(table).on( (table.parent == main_table.name) & (table.parenttype == self.parent_doctype) ) return query class LinkTableField(DynamicTableField): def __init__( self, doctype: str, fieldname: str, parent_doctype: str, link_fieldname: str, alias: str | None = None, ) -> None: super().__init__(doctype, fieldname, parent_doctype, alias=alias) self.link_fieldname = link_fieldname self.table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) self.field = self.table[self.fieldname] def apply_select(self, query: QueryBuilder) -> QueryBuilder: table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) query = self.apply_join(query) return query.select(getattr(table, self.fieldname).as_(self.alias or None)) def apply_join(self, query: QueryBuilder) -> QueryBuilder: table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.doctype) main_table = frappe.qb.DocType(self.parent_doctype) if not query.is_joined(table): query = query.left_join(table).on(table.name == getattr(main_table, self.link_fieldname)) return query class ChildQuery: def __init__( self, fieldname: str, fields: list, parent_doctype: str, ) -> None: field = frappe.get_meta(parent_doctype).get_field(fieldname) if field.fieldtype not in frappe.model.table_fields: return self.fieldname = fieldname self.fields = fields self.parent_doctype = parent_doctype self.doctype = field.options def get_query(self, parent_names=None) -> QueryBuilder: filters = { "parenttype": self.parent_doctype, "parentfield": self.fieldname, "parent": ["in", parent_names], } return frappe.qb.get_query( self.doctype, fields=[*self.fields, "parent", "parentfield"], filters=filters, order_by="idx asc", ) def literal_eval_(literal): try: return literal_eval(literal) except (ValueError, SyntaxError): return literal def has_function(field: str): if "`" not in field: field = field.casefold() return any(func in field for func in SQL_FUNCTIONS) def get_nested_set_hierarchy_result(doctype: str, name: str, hierarchy: str) -> list[str]: """Get matching nodes based on operator.""" table = frappe.qb.DocType(doctype) try: lft, rgt = frappe.qb.from_(table).select("lft", "rgt").where(table.name == name).run()[0] except IndexError: lft, rgt = None, None if hierarchy in ("descendants of", "not descendants of", "descendants of (inclusive)"): result = ( frappe.qb.from_(table) .select(table.name) .where(table.lft > lft) .where(table.rgt < rgt) .orderby(table.lft, order=Order.asc) .run(pluck=True) ) if hierarchy == "descendants of (inclusive)": result += [name] else: # Get ancestor elements of a DocType with a tree structure result = ( frappe.qb.from_(table) .select(table.name) .where(table.lft < lft) .where(table.rgt > rgt) .orderby(table.lft, order=Order.desc) .run(pluck=True) ) return result @lru_cache(maxsize=1024) def _sanitize_field(field: str, is_mariadb): if field == "*" or not SPECIAL_CHAR_PATTERN.search(field): # Skip checking if there are no special characters return field stripped_field = sqlparse.format(field, strip_comments=True, keyword_case="lower") if is_mariadb: return MARIADB_SPECIFIC_COMMENT.sub("", stripped_field) return stripped_field class RawCriterion(Term): """A class to represent raw SQL string as a criterion. Allows using raw SQL strings in pypika queries: frappe.qb.from_("DocType").where(RawCriterion("name like 'a%'")) """ def __init__(self, sql_string: str): self.sql_string = sql_string super().__init__() def get_sql(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str: return self.sql_string